Wrench.



sTA'rES'--PATENT OFFICE'.

GEORGE ALEXANDER MoINTInE, OEA-PORT CHESTER, NEW YCRKASSICNCR or QNEFHALF ToI CHARLES DALroN, oF PoR'r CHESTER, NEW YORK.

wnENcH.

. ressens-sa Toeval?, whom it may eoneerrw Y Be it known that I, GEORGE ALEXANDER MCIN'HRE, a citizen of the United States residing at Port Chester, in theeounty of Westchester and State'of New York, have invented certain new and nsefullrnprovements in, Wrenches,- of which the following is a specioation, reference being had. therein'to the accompanying drawings, which form a party thereo l Y My invention' relates lto wrenches, and more particularly-to `a class of sliding jaw wrenches wherein thejjaws are closedy by means of alever and link mechanism.

The main' object of the invention is to .provide,A a wrench wherein the movable jaw may be fed forward through alever and toggle lever mechanism so as topermit the jaws .through a lever and link mechanism'so as to permit the jaws to be adjusted to a-nut, pipe or' other object and held firmly thereon through Compression of a fixed and a movable part of the handle; and whereinv the feeding movement will be such `as to cause 'an automatic limitation thereof when av full feeding movement 1s prevented through rel s1stance encountered 1n adjusting the jaws to a part or `object without varying the griplping power of the jan/KS.

l A Still further obj ect is to provide a-wrench of this Character wherein the feedingr mechanisminay be -rendered inoperative at will,

. and thesliding jaw'permitted to have only such-limited movement in both directions as will permit it to be set and reset to any ob--- ject without readjustnnnt.

A still further ob ect is to providea wrenclr of this character wherein the power applied through thev lever handlemay be so reguv'lated as to control the crushing power of the jaws.

still further robject is to provide a -wrench of this character wherein when the feeding mechanism is out of gear or inoperatlve, a return movement of the shdlng jaw Specification of Letters Patent. y Application filed April 4,1906. Serial 110.309.843.

,Patented June 25, 1907.

is prevented, thus adapting the'wrench for use as a lifting jack, a clamp or a vise, or as a general .handy tool for miscellaneous work. I A still further ob'ect is toprovide' a wrench Iwhich, While resem ling an ordinary monkey wrench, will by reason ofthe various attachments Which may `be applied thereto, andof 4its mode ofoperation, be capable of 'use las a pipe or monkey wrench, a clamp, a vise, a

fting jack,... or a work holderfor use with` machines,V thus embodying in compact form a tool having a range of utility `which will permit its s stitu-tion for various tools and appliances in a machini'sts kit or a Shop.

- f A still further object is to provide a wrench having these characteristics, in which the sis.

various partswill be so inclosed as to be rotected from dirt or other substances ten ing' to interfere with their operation.

vA still further object is to provide a Wrench i of this character wherein the sliding 'aw may be fed toward 'the fixed jaw by the ee continuous movement thereof b y hand, or by an intermittent .l 'movement through the lever handle. Y

A still further object is to provide a Wrench ,wherein the feeding mechanismzvvill be so constructed and arranged as to avoid such binding of themovable parts as would tend to am the jaws or thelever handle.

Astill further object is to provide a Wrench wherein the jaws maybe quickly and firmly set through 'the lever handle, and convene iently released therethrough. 'I

A still furtherbbjeet is to provide a wrench wherein the .jaws maybe set and locked upon 4the worlel through movement of the lever handle. Anda still further' object is to provied asimple and compact tool which may be inexpensively produced. j

The invention consists primarily in a .Trench comprising a fixed jaw having ad Shank, a Sli! ing jaw mounted relative therel to, a slidali l"clutch mechanism mounted on said Shank and adapted to engage Saidsliding jaw, alever handle'pivotally connected with said clutch mechanism, and a toggle lever carried by said shank `and )ivotally connected to Said lever handle; an( in such.

other novel features of construction and combination of parts as are hereinafterset 'forth and described and more particularly'.

pointed out in the claims hereto appended:-

log

Referring to the drawings: Figure l .is a

side elevation of a wrench embodying my mvention; Fig. 2 1s a longitudinal section of said wrench with the Jaw faces removed; Figs.

`3 and 4 are detail views of the .detached jaw faces `Fi 5 is a detail view of the means ,whereby t e -feeding pawl is rendered inopferative; Fig. 6 is a detail view of a portion of the shank of the stationary jaw, and Fig. 7 is a detail view of the means setting the holdin awl.

flake letters refer to like parte" throughout the several views.

In the embodiment of my invention shown in the drawings, a indicates the stationary jaw, the shanka of which has a way therein as shown. Mounted on the shank of the jaw a is a sliding jaw b having a rack bar. b parallel to the said shank, the teeth b2 thereof ein presented toward said shank. The jaw has a socket therein' in which is seated afriction device, as the spring c to hold said jaw against movement when the clutch mechanism hereinafter referred to is released. The outer face of the bar b is roughened at b3 to afford `a suitable holding surface for closing the 'aw by hand.

The shanlr a is channeled out at a2 and the Walls of said channel or pocket have oppositely disposed parallel, elongated slots als theiein and suitable bearings for the trunnions of the eccentric settin the holdingpawl. The rack bar b closes t iis pocket. Encircling the said shank a and the rack b is a `sliding strap d to which is pivoted the lever handle e, the ends of which 1s so forked as to straddle said strap, the sides of the strap referably being countersunk to bring said liandle flush therewith while allowin sul'iicient play to operate it. The lever Lgliandle e is attached to the strap d by means of a ivot pin e assed through the-slots a and aving loose y mounted thereon a spring v pressed pawl f having one or more teeth adapted to engage the teeth b2 of the rack b. Also passing through the slot a3 and carried by the strap d is a rotatable locking pin f one end of which carries a handlej'z.

To disengage the pawl f from the teeth of the rack b', 'l provide a pinj'3 which engages the awl .when the .lever handleo e reaches the imit of its return movement and raises it above said teeth, t-he pivot e having a slot therein as shown in Fig. 5to permit such movement, the balance of said pin being of a diameter which, when the pinis turned by ythe handle f2 will prevent such movement `and thus lock said 'pawl in mes-h with the teeth b2. The pawlj` and pin j" move with the strap d while the pin f3 remains fixed relative to the shank c. y

Mounted in the way in the shank a.' is a sliding block g' seated between a fixed stop g forwardly thereof, and a stiff coiledl spring g?, a boss on said block entering ,said spring. The `Yend of the shank s closed to foot to form a seat for said spring and an adjustable buffer as the screw g3 passes through said closed end and into the path of the block g thus serving to limit the quantity of movement of said block. Pivotally mounted on the pivot block g by means of a )ivot pin 7b are the oppositely disposed togg e levers la', the other ends'of which are similarly connected to the lever handle e.

It will thus be seen that the force a plied to the lever handle e is applied simu taneously to the strap d and the spring g2, thus causing the feeding movement of the sliding jaw o'r that portion thereof prior tothe engagement of the jaws with a solid body, to be under the tenslon of said sprinO only, the final force, however, being a direct one against the buffer screw g3. lt is this construction which ermits 'the jaws to be set under substantia ly the same' conditions at all times, the give of the spring being initiated at the period of contact, whether such be the first or later stages of the depression of thc handle e.

The axis of the pivot in h should be parallel with that of the pm e so that when the lever handle e is depressed to its fullest extent, the point of connection between the links or toggles h and said lever handle will be on a plane with, or slightly below the axis of, said pins, thus setting the lever e and the clutch mechanism thereby. The shank c also carries a hollow handle t' adapted to house in the end of the rack b and to serve for a ermit the use of the tool as a lifting jack. he end of the handle is eut away to permit access to the buffer screw g, and the ull depression of the handle e, and its under side is cut away to permit the thumb to be applied to the serrated portion b to move the sliding jaw. A spring carried by the shank a acts to normally force the handle c outwardly.

The jaw a is provided with means, as the studs lc and the screwl arranged at divergent points, and the jaw bwith similar studs c and l, to facilitate the attachment of hardened steel jaw faces as m m', or other attachments thereto.

When the device is to be used as a jack or a vise,.it is necessary t0 hold all the feeding movement gained vi'ith each reciprocation or oscillation of the lever handle. To accomplish this, I provide means adapted to engage the rack bar b and while permitting a forward movement thereof, preventing a return movement. Preferably this means comprises a holding pawl n pivoted to the shank a within the pocket a2 by a pin having trunnions o and an eccentric portion o upon which the pawl n is mounted. A lever handle 02 is attached to one trunnion o which projects beyond the side of said pocket a?l so as to be conveniently operated. A pin n is mounted below and slightly forwardly of the ICO" 'axis of the trunnioris 'to facilitate the settingv and release of said pawl yIO The operation ,ofthehere'in' 'described' wrench issubstantially 'as'followsz In adjustingthel wrench to anut, ipe or other similar article, the lever ,f2-an lever o2 are .turned as shown in Figi 1., andthe lever handle e is permittedftc assume-the full extent 'of its movement. under the spring j. When the parts are in this positiom the strap d, the.. pawl Aand its piivot ve', and the lockingpinf are rawn ba ward, the pawl being raised outiof enga ement with theteeth b2 throu h contact wit the Apin f3. y rack b and permits it to be moved freely in either direction, the spring c offering only that sli ht resistance necessary to permit the entire s iding jaw to move inde endently of any power applied thereto.l W en' the jaws have thus been quickly adjusted toa proxiniately fit the object, they are applie thereto, and the lever handle e is brought down toward the shank af The s ring g2 exerts suoient pressure onthe bloc Vg and links lh to .cause the'initial depressionV of the lever handle -to vexert a' forward thrust upon the v'strap d resulting in a forward vmovement which forces the pawl f away from lthe pin f 3 and permitspit to dro'pfinto mesh with the teeth b2 under'its springtension-whereupon all subsequent movement thereof imparts a` forward feedingmovement tothe jaw b to,- ward theifixedv or stationary jaw a. If a single depression or4 vibration of the handle e is insufficient to firmly engage vthe object,

lsaid handle may be released, permitting the spring y' to restore the various.v arts Ito their former positions, the spring oft e pawlfpermitting such Amovement ofthe pawl as will cause 1t to assume the proper position for another feeding movement, the recess `in thev locking pin affording a clearance for the pawl when 1t abuts against the stop pin f 3 or rises in passing over the teeth of the rack bar b.

The former operation is then repeated with' the same result. If1 desired, the jaw b may .be closed entirely through the handle e.

When the -jaw b, however, is brought hard against a solid body, the resistance therefrom checks the forward movement of the clutch mechanism and reacts upon the spring g2 which l the buffer screw g3 whereupon the full ower of the toggle mechanism is applied to t e jaw b. As this occurs only when the lever e is in position to have-the'greatest power applied thereto, and when such powerwill exert the greatest force upon the clutch mechanism and impart the leastv movement thereto, it will be observedlthat the construction is such as' to secure the greatest ease of operation and secure the best results.

Il it be desired to remove the wrench from the part, nut or pi e, and take afresh hold thereon, the lever' andle f2 may fbethrown deiining'this feeding movement. sure exerted on the 'rack b by the pawl f tends to force the jaw b away from the shank fa and bind itagainst the strap d which hav- This releases t e gives until the block g abuts against forward bringing the cylindrical of the in j" intoengagement with the pawl f and ocking `said pawl relativer 'to the rack b.

Hence the returnfmovement'ef the strap d will impart a similar movement to the Ajaw b permittngthe removal of the wrench from the object and affording suiiieent clearance to compensate for irregularities .in the object to which itis applied. It will be observed that the jaw 5 under such circumstances is reset to its former position, the previous return movement thereof to release the jaws The presventing actionby the spring j, the buffer screw gs being withdrawn to permit such excess movement,

. To limit the to insure thef ll feedmgmovement of the said jaw, as when using as -a clamp or lifting ower applied'to the jaw b, lor -V jack,` the screw g3 is brought into contact with the block g. When an object is stretchable or movable, thefull ymovement and power is preserved, but when the object is ngid, as a pipe, this adjustment merely'limits i the crushing-power of the jaw b,

When 1t 1s desired to use the tool as a jack,

clamp or vise, to draw parts together or sustain weight, the holding awl n is thrown into mesh with the teeth o the rack barb by turning the lever handle o2 forwardly. This .movement'through the eccentric o advances` the axisofthe pawl sullii'ienl'ly to ermit it' to pass the pin n, which takes up a l strains on the ypawl and .transmits them to the shank a jaw b to be fed forward, but will takev up and hold Iall feeding movement. When used as a, jack, the end of the handle i is laced against an object and the handle -e work fore describedl raising any object with which the jaw b engages.

iro-

This pawl will, therefore, permit the The faces ofthe j awed-b are madereniov- A' able topermit the application of jaws of any desired style-thereto. Interchangeable jaws being old and well claim thereto.

known, however, I lay no It isl not my intention to limit the inven- I tion to the precise vdetails of construction shewn in the drawings, as such may be varied to nnpartrsJ better finish to the tool or make lts operatlon more convenient, without departlng from the.'fspirit and scope of the inl vention.

n' ed as hereto- Y Having described the invention, what I claim as new and desire to have protectedby. Letters Patent is: A 1.v A wrench comprising a iixed jaw having a shank, a sliding" jaw mounted relative s thereto, a sliding clutch mechanism mounted on said shank and adapted to engage said sliding jaw, a lever hand e pivotally connected with said `clutch mechanism, and a toggle nected to said lever handle.

i carried by saidshank' and pivotally connect- `said clutch mechanism the movement thereof m one direction and.

ed to said lever handle, and means wherebyP will beset through released through such movement inthe opposite direction.

' 3. A wrench comprising a fixed jaw having a shank, a sliding jaw mounted relative thereto, a sliding clutch mechanism mounted on said shank and adapted to engage'said sliding jaw, a lever handle pivotally connected with said clutch-mechanism, a toggle lever carried by said shank and pivotally connected to said lever handle, means whereby said clutch mechanism will be set through. the movement thereof in one direction and released through such movementl in the opposite direction, and means whereby when set, said clutch mechanism may be locked to permit only a limited reciprocation vof the sliding j aw therethrough. K

4. A wrench comprising a fixed jaw having a shank. a sliding jaw mounted relative thereto, 'af sliding clutch mechanism mounted on l said shank and adapted to engage said sliding Jaw, a lever handle pivotally connected with said clutch mechanism, a toggle lever carried by said shank and pivotall,v ,connected to saidlever handle, means whereby the said clutch mechanism will be set through thc movement thereof in one direction and released through sucli movement in the op osite direction', and means whereby said s idinvr jaw is permitted tofeed forwardly, but is he d against a return movement.

5. A wrench comprising a fixed jaw having a shank, a sliding jaw mounted relative thereto, a sliding clutch mechanism, mounted on said toggle ever and arigid buffer whereby ,itself to the said shank and adapted to engage said slidinv' the lever handle will automatically adjust quantity of feeding movement of the sliding jaw.

6. A Wrench comprising a lixed jaw having a shank, a sliding jaw mounted relative thereto, a sliding clutch mechanism mounted on said shank and adapted to engage said sliding jaw, a lever handle pivotally connected with said clutch mechanism, a togglev lever carried by said shank and pivotally connected. to said lever handle, means whereby said clutch mechanism ,will be set through the move-- ment thereof in one direction and released through such movement in the op osite direction, a resilient su port carrie by said shank for said toggle ever, and a rigid, and ad'ustable buffer whereby the lever handle will automatically adjust itself to the quanti'tyof feeding movement of the sliding jaw,

and the regulate 7. A Wrench comprising a fixed jaw having a shank, a sliding jaw mounted relative thereto, a sliding clutch mechanism comprising a toothed bar carried by said sliding jaw, a stra inclosing said shank and said bar, a paw carried by said strap, a lever handle pivotally connected with said strap, a toggle le- (power applied therethrough may be ver carried by said shank and pivotally connected to said lever handle, and means whereby said pawl will be caused or permitted to engage said rack when said strap is moved in one direction and to disenffage said rack, when moved in the opposite direction.

8. A wrench comprising a ixed jaw having a shank, a sliding jaw mounted relativel thereto, a sliding clutch mechanism comprising a toothed bar carried by said slidin@P ]aw, a strap inclosing said shank and sai bar, a pawl carried by said strap, a lockinv pin carried by-said strap above said paw Lhaving a recess therein, means whereby said pin may be turned so as to either permit said pawl toV rise out of engagement with said rack bar, or to lock it in engagement therewith, a lever handle pivotally connected with said stra a tog le lever carried by said shank and pivotally connected to said lever handle, means whereby said pawl will be caused or permitted to engage said rack when said strap is moved in one direction and to disengage said rack when moved in the o posite direction, a pawl carried by said shanli,

and means whereby said pawl may be thrown i in to mesh with said' rack, or out of mesh therewith.

9. A Wrench comprising a fixed 'aw having a shank, a sliding jaw inounte relative thereto, a sliding clutch mechanism coniprising a toothed bar carried by said sliding Law, a strap inclosing said shank and said ar, a pawl carried by said strap, a lockinoP in carried by said strap above said paw iiaving a recess therein, means whereby said pin may be turned soas to either permit said ICO lIO

een a as.; te "aannemenwith Said rack bar,` er tolock it in engagement therewith, '-fa lever` fhandle'jpivotally vennnectedl 'with said-fstra a tof le .lever carried by said' shank' an ivo't y connected to saidlever handle 'an meansnwherebysaidt pawl be. causedor permitted to 1 engage said rack when said strap is moved-in' onefdirect1on,' a nd to disengage said rack when moved in the otherdirection'.` a

10. ,A wrench comprising a fixed' jaw `having a'shank, a sliding jaw mounted relativev thereto, la: slidingjclutch mechanism com- 4prising a toothed bar carried'by said slidin aw, a stra i-nclosing said shankfvandsai 1 ai', a paw carried by said strap',a' lever.

` handle ivot'ally connected with said l strap,

t 'a to gle ever carried by said shank and p ivotal y connected tof saidlever handle 'and .glage said rack, when moved in the pposite 1 "and means whereby 'said pawlmay'be'thrownmeans 4whereby saidpawlwill becaused or permitted to engage said rack" whensaid' strap is moved in one direction andftfo. disen irection, a .pawl carried by said @he into or out'oi mesh'wthsaid'rackI-- 1I. .A wrench comprising a iXged aw havingashankfa sliding jawlmounted relative thereto, a' sliding clutch mechaliiism coinpris'ng a toothed' bar carried' by said s lidinv aw,- a stra ,inclosi said shank' andfsai an, la `paw carried y said; strap, a lever handle pivotally connected-with Said strap, a ltoggle'leverc'arried by said shank and pivot- V"allyconnected to 'said lever handle, and.

means whereby said'pawl' will becaused or permitted to engage said .rack whenjsaid strap is moved in onedirection and to disengage. saidrack when moved in .the op direction, a pawlcarriedby said shan and means whereby said pawl may be thrown into or out of engagement vwi-th said 'rack comprising mentione turned, an ing whereby witl'i the shifting of the axis of said pawl, 1t will be caused to ride upon, or

an eccentric bearing for said last (pawl, a handle whereby it may be a pin located beneath said beardrop `from said pin.

12. A wrench comprising affixed jawhav- 5o ing a, shank, asliding jaw mounted relative thereto", a sliding cliitchmechanism mounted sliding osite.

necte block mounted Ain l a way in said Ashan respectivetly;

handle .an `said block ,and meansfwheieby; said 'clutch' mechanism will beset throng' on said shankV and adapted to engagesaid jaw, alever. handle -piv'otally conwith saidI clutch mechanism, a rigid -buffer carried bysaid shank, La reciprocalting -5 5 a spring between said block and said buiiier, a toggle lever theo posite ends of which. are

pivote y connected to said lever y movement thereof. vin one direction, and re-V- i' leased through movement in the opposite direction.'

13., A Wrench comprising a fixedjaw having a shank, asliding jaw having a spring seat ther ein, mounted relative thereto, a.

spring in said seat bearing against said shan k 1 a sliding 'clutch mechanism mounted on said shank and adapted "to engage said sliding jaw, a lever handlepivotally connected with saidclutch mechanism, a toggle lever carried by said shankr and pivota clutch mechanism will be set through the movementthereof in ene-direction, andrestrap is moved in one direction and to disenage said rack. when moved .in the opposite`- direction,- a pawl carried by said shank, means whereby said pawl ma be thrown. into or out of mesh withsaid rac and a hollow handle casing inclosing the lower end of said rack bar and having a f o'ot prejecting over the end 'ofsaid shank. GERGE ALEXlilIl-)ER' MQINTIREf Witnesses:

WM. B. SMITH,

S. GRACE MEADE.

l 4 y connected to; 'said lever handle, andmeanswhereby said such movement inthe oppo- 

